.page-publications {
    --publication-ink: #071633;
    --publication-muted: #64748b;
    --publication-soft: #f5f8fc;
    --publication-line: rgba(23, 74, 166, 0.14);
    --publication-navy: #071f4d;
    --publication-blue: #174aa6;
    --publication-red: #d91f2d;
    --publication-gold: #c69a42;
    background:
        linear-gradient(rgba(23, 74, 166, 0.022) 1px, transparent 1px),
        linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(23, 74, 166, 0.022) 1px, transparent 1px),
        #f7f9fd;
    background-size: 72px 72px;
}

.publications-hero {
    margin-top: 18px;
}

.publications-hero-shell {
    position: relative;
    min-height: clamp(470px, 40vw, 560px);
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 0.95fr) minmax(360px, 0.78fr);
    gap: clamp(26px, 4vw, 58px);
    align-items: center;
    overflow: hidden;
    border-radius: 30px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(23, 74, 166, 0.12);
    background:
        radial-gradient(circle at 18% 18%, rgba(217, 31, 45, 0.075), transparent 28%),
        radial-gradient(circle at 88% 78%, rgba(23, 74, 166, 0.12), transparent 34%),
        linear-gradient(135deg, #ffffff 0%, #f3f7ff 58%, #eaf2ff 100%);
    box-shadow: 0 34px 90px -70px rgba(12, 30, 70, 0.7);
    isolation: isolate;
}

.publications-hero-shell::before {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0;
    z-index: -1;
    background-image:
        linear-gradient(rgba(7, 31, 77, 0.07) 1px, transparent 1px),
        linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(7, 31, 77, 0.07) 1px, transparent 1px);
    background-size: 58px 58px;
    mask-image: linear-gradient(90deg, #000, transparent 70%);
    opacity: 0.72;
}

.publications-hero-copy {
    padding: clamp(42px, 6vw, 78px) 0 clamp(42px, 6vw, 78px) clamp(34px, 5vw, 72px);
}

.publications-kicker,
.publications-card-kicker,
.publications-section-head p {
    color: var(--publication-red);
    font-size: 12px;
    font-weight: 900;
    letter-spacing: 0.1em;
    text-transform: uppercase;
}

.publications-kicker {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 14px;
    margin-bottom: 22px;
    color: #ffffff;
    font-size: 13px;
}

.publications-kicker::before {
    content: "";
    width: 38px;
    height: 3px;
    border-radius: 999px;
    background: var(--publication-red);
}

.publications-hero h1 {
    max-width: 810px;
    margin: 0;
    color: var(--publication-ink);
    font-family: Manrope, Inter, sans-serif;
    font-size: clamp(50px, 6.4vw, 96px);
    line-height: 0.98;
    font-weight: 850;
    letter-spacing: 0;
}

.publications-hero-copy > p:not(.publications-kicker) {
    max-width: 690px;
    margin-top: 22px;
    color: var(--publication-muted);
    font-size: clamp(17px, 1.35vw, 21px);
    line-height: 1.65;
}

.publications-hero-meta {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 10px;
    margin-top: 32px;
}

.publications-hero-meta span {
    min-height: 40px;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 0 15px;
    border-radius: 999px;
    color: var(--publication-navy);
    border: 1px solid rgba(23, 74, 166, 0.12);
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.78);
    box-shadow: 0 12px 30px -24px rgba(12, 30, 70, 0.55);
    font-size: 13px;
    font-weight: 850;
}

.publications-hero-art {
    position: relative;
    min-height: 390px;
    margin-right: clamp(28px, 5vw, 68px);
}

.publication-art-panel {
    position: absolute;
    border-radius: 18px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(23, 74, 166, 0.14);
    box-shadow: 0 28px 70px -48px rgba(12, 30, 70, 0.72);
}

.publication-art-panel--back {
    inset: 36px 34px 54px 22px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #dfeaff, #ffffff);
    transform: rotate(-5deg);
}

.publication-art-panel--front {
    inset: 6px 0 20px 58px;
    display: grid;
    align-content: start;
    gap: 28px;
    padding: 34px;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.97);
    backdrop-filter: blur(14px);
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(14px);
}

.publication-art-brand {
    width: max-content;
    padding: 10px 16px;
    border-radius: 999px;
    color: #ffffff;
    background: var(--publication-navy);
    font-size: 13px;
    font-weight: 900;
    letter-spacing: 0.08em;
}

.publication-art-lines {
    display: grid;
    gap: 13px;
}

.publication-art-lines span {
    height: 12px;
    border-radius: 999px;
    background: #dbe6f7;
}

.publication-art-lines span:nth-child(1) {
    width: 86%;
}

.publication-art-lines span:nth-child(2) {
    width: 72%;
}

.publication-art-lines span:nth-child(3) {
    width: 54%;
    background: rgba(217, 31, 45, 0.18);
}

.publication-art-chart {
    display: flex;
    align-items: end;
    gap: 14px;
    height: 120px;
    padding: 20px;
    border-radius: 16px;
    background:
        linear-gradient(rgba(23, 74, 166, 0.09) 1px, transparent 1px),
        linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(23, 74, 166, 0.09) 1px, transparent 1px),
        #f3f7ff;
    background-size: 28px 28px;
}

.publication-art-chart span {
    width: 42px;
    border-radius: 999px 999px 6px 6px;
    background: var(--publication-blue);
}

.publication-art-chart span:nth-child(1) {
    height: 48px;
}

.publication-art-chart span:nth-child(2) {
    height: 78px;
    background: var(--publication-red);
}

.publication-art-chart span:nth-child(3) {
    height: 96px;
    background: var(--publication-navy);
}

.publication-art-badge {
    position: absolute;
    right: 8px;
    bottom: 0;
    width: 86px;
    height: 86px;
    display: grid;
    place-items: center;
    border-radius: 24px;
    color: var(--publication-red);
    border: 1px solid rgba(23, 74, 166, 0.14);
    background: #ffffff;
    box-shadow: 0 24px 58px -42px rgba(12, 30, 70, 0.72);
}

.publication-art-badge svg {
    width: 42px;
    height: 42px;
    fill: none;
    stroke: currentColor;
    stroke-width: 1.8;
    stroke-linecap: round;
    stroke-linejoin: round;
}

.publications-intro {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 0.82fr) minmax(0, 1fr);
    gap: 26px;
    align-items: end;
    margin-top: 26px;
    padding: clamp(24px, 3vw, 34px);
    border: 1px solid var(--publication-line);
    border-radius: 18px;
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.86);
    box-shadow: 0 22px 60px -52px rgba(12, 30, 70, 0.62);
}

.publications-intro h2 {
    margin-top: 10px;
    color: var(--publication-navy);
    font-family: Manrope, Inter, sans-serif;
    font-size: clamp(30px, 3vw, 44px);
    line-height: 1.08;
}

.publications-intro > p {
    color: var(--publication-muted);
    font-size: 16px;
    line-height: 1.7;
}

.publications-list-section {
    margin-top: 38px;
    margin-bottom: 56px;
}

.publications-section-head {
    display: grid;
    gap: 8px;
    margin-bottom: 24px;
}

.publications-section-head h2 {
    color: var(--publication-ink);
    font-family: Manrope, Inter, sans-serif;
    font-size: clamp(32px, 3.8vw, 52px);
    line-height: 1.06;
}

.publications-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
    gap: 18px;
}

.publication-card {
    position: relative;
    min-height: 255px;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: flex-start;
    overflow: hidden;
    padding: 26px;
    border-radius: 10px;
    border: 1px solid var(--publication-line);
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.97);
    box-shadow: 0 24px 58px -50px rgba(12, 30, 70, 0.72);
    transition: transform 0.22s ease, box-shadow 0.22s ease, border-color 0.22s ease, background 0.22s ease;
}

.publication-card::before {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    inset: 0 0 auto 0;
    height: 3px;
    background: var(--publication-blue);
    opacity: 0.85;
}

.publication-card:nth-child(4n + 2) .publication-card-icon {
    color: var(--publication-red);
}

.publication-card:nth-child(5n + 3) .publication-card-icon {
    color: #a7751f;
}

.publication-card:hover,
.publication-card:focus-visible {
    transform: translateY(-4px);
    border-color: rgba(23, 74, 166, 0.26);
    background: #ffffff;
    box-shadow: 0 30px 70px -50px rgba(12, 30, 70, 0.82);
    outline: none;
}

.publication-card-number {
    position: absolute;
    top: 26px;
    right: 26px;
    min-height: 28px;
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 0 10px;
    border-radius: 999px;
    color: var(--publication-blue);
    background: #edf4ff;
    font-size: 12px;
    font-weight: 900;
}

.publication-card-icon {
    width: 54px;
    height: 54px;
    display: grid;
    place-items: center;
    border-radius: 12px;
    color: var(--publication-blue);
    background: #f1f6ff;
    border: 1px solid rgba(23, 74, 166, 0.1);
}

.publication-card-icon svg {
    width: 28px;
    height: 28px;
    fill: none;
    stroke: currentColor;
    stroke-width: 1.8;
    stroke-linecap: round;
    stroke-linejoin: round;
}

.publication-card h3 {
    max-width: 92%;
    margin-top: 24px;
    color: var(--publication-navy);
    font-family: Manrope, Inter, sans-serif;
    font-size: clamp(20px, 1.45vw, 25px);
    line-height: 1.14;
}

.publication-card p {
    max-width: 100%;
    margin-top: 12px;
    color: var(--publication-muted);
    font-size: 14px;
    line-height: 1.6;
}
@media (max-width: 1180px) {
    .publications-hero-shell,
    .publications-intro {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .publications-hero-copy {
        padding-right: clamp(34px, 5vw, 72px);
    }

    .publications-hero-art {
        min-height: 330px;
        margin: 0 clamp(30px, 5vw, 70px) 42px;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 820px) {
    .publications-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 720px) {
    .publications-hero-shell {
        min-height: auto;
        border-radius: 24px;
    }

    .publications-hero-copy {
        padding: 34px 24px 18px;
    }

    .publications-hero h1 {
        font-size: clamp(42px, 13vw, 68px);
    }

    .publications-hero-art {
        min-height: 280px;
        margin: 0 20px 28px;
    }

    .publication-art-panel--front {
        inset: 0 0 18px 34px;
        padding: 24px;
    }

    .publication-art-panel--back {
        inset: 34px 28px 42px 8px;
    }

    .publications-intro {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        border-radius: 16px;
    }

    .publication-card {
        min-height: 0;
    }

    .publication-card-icon {
        margin-bottom: 18px;
    }
}

/* Publications mockup refinement: dark UPTM hero and compact directory */
.publications-hero-shell {
    min-height: clamp(430px, 35vw, 520px);
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 0.9fr) minmax(390px, 1.1fr);
    border-color: rgba(126, 166, 236, 0.26);
    background:
        radial-gradient(circle at 12% 12%, rgba(217, 31, 45, 0.2), transparent 28%),
        radial-gradient(circle at 92% 78%, rgba(65, 121, 220, 0.32), transparent 38%),
        linear-gradient(135deg, #031334 0%, #071f4d 52%, #0d3478 100%);
    box-shadow: 0 34px 90px -58px rgba(2, 18, 53, 0.92);
}

.publications-hero-shell::before {
    background-image:
        linear-gradient(rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.07) 1px, transparent 1px),
        linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.07) 1px, transparent 1px);
    opacity: 0.58;
}

.publications-hero h1 {
    color: #ffffff;
    font-size: clamp(48px, 5.4vw, 82px);
}

.publications-hero-copy > p:not(.publications-kicker) {
    color: rgba(229, 237, 251, 0.84);
}

.publications-hero-meta span {
    color: #ffffff;
    border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.16);
    background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
}

.publication-art-panel {
    box-shadow: 0 32px 72px -40px rgba(0, 6, 22, 0.92);
}

.publication-art-panel--back {
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #8eb3ed, #eef5ff);
}

.publications-list-section {
    margin-top: 28px;
}

.publications-section-head {
    gap: 0;
    margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.publications-section-head p {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 12px;
}

.publications-section-head p::before {
    content: "";
    width: 3px;
    height: 18px;
    border-radius: 999px;
    background: var(--publication-red);
}

.publications-visually-hidden {
    position: absolute;
    width: 1px;
    height: 1px;
    padding: 0;
    margin: -1px;
    overflow: hidden;
    clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0);
    white-space: nowrap;
    border: 0;
}

.publications-grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));
    gap: 16px;
}

.publication-card {
    min-height: 168px;
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: 66px minmax(0, 1fr) 28px;
    grid-template-rows: auto 1fr;
    column-gap: 14px;
    align-items: start;
    padding: 20px 16px;
    border-radius: 8px;
}

.publication-card::before {
    inset: auto 0 0;
    background: var(--publication-red);
}

.publication-card-number {
    top: 16px;
    right: auto;
    left: 96px;
    min-height: 22px;
    padding: 0 6px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(23, 74, 166, 0.13);
    border-radius: 6px;
    color: var(--publication-navy);
    background: #f7faff;
    font-size: 10px;
}

.publication-card-icon {
    width: 66px;
    height: 66px;
    grid-row: 1 / 3;
    margin: 0;
    border-radius: 50%;
}

.publication-card h3 {
    grid-column: 2 / 4;
    max-width: 100%;
    margin-top: 28px;
    font-size: clamp(14px, 1vw, 17px);
}

.publication-card p {
    grid-column: 2;
    grid-row: 2;
    margin-top: 8px;
    font-size: 12px;
    line-height: 1.45;
}

.publication-card-link {
    grid-column: 3;
    grid-row: 2;
    align-self: end;
    width: 28px;
    height: 28px;
    display: grid;
    place-items: center;
    overflow: hidden;
    color: transparent;
    border: 1px solid rgba(23, 74, 166, 0.24);
    border-radius: 50%;
}

.publication-card-link::after {
    content: ">";
    color: var(--publication-navy);
    font-size: 14px;
    font-weight: 900;
}

@media (max-width: 1180px) {
    .publications-grid {
        grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
    }
}

@media (max-width: 820px) {
    .publications-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 720px) {
    .publications-hero-shell {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    }

    .publication-card {
        grid-template-columns: 58px minmax(0, 1fr) 28px;
    }

    .publication-card-icon {
        width: 58px;
        height: 58px;
    }

    .publication-card-number {
        left: 88px;
    }
}
/* Premium illustration and publication cards */
.publications-hero-art {
    min-height: 410px;
    perspective: 1200px;
}

.publication-art-panel--back {
    inset: 40px 52px 40px 8px;
    border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.34);
    background: linear-gradient(145deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.46), rgba(106, 158, 239, 0.78)), #8eb3ed;
    transform: rotate(-5deg) translateY(8px);
}

.publication-art-panel--front {
    inset: 4px 0 18px 50px;
    gap: 14px;
    padding: 26px 30px;
    border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);
    background: linear-gradient(145deg, rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.99), rgba(241, 246, 255, 0.97));
    box-shadow: 0 42px 80px -38px rgba(0, 8, 32, 0.9), inset 0 1px 0 #ffffff;
    transform: rotateY(-3deg) rotateZ(1deg);
}

.publication-art-topbar {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: space-between;
}

.publication-art-brand {
    padding: 8px 14px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, #071f4d, #174aa6);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 24px -14px rgba(7, 31, 77, 0.8);
}

.publication-art-status {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 7px;
    color: #526581;
    font-size: 10px;
    font-weight: 800;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.06em;
}

.publication-art-status i {
    width: 7px;
    height: 7px;
    border-radius: 50%;
    background: #24b47e;
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 4px rgba(36, 180, 126, 0.12);
}

.publication-art-heading {
    display: grid;
    gap: 2px;
}

.publication-art-heading span {
    color: #72819a;
    font-size: 10px;
    font-weight: 800;
    text-transform: uppercase;
    letter-spacing: 0.08em;
}

.publication-art-heading strong {
    color: var(--publication-navy);
    font-family: Manrope, Inter, sans-serif;
    font-size: 22px;
    line-height: 1.1;
}

.publication-art-metrics {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
    gap: 8px;
}

.publication-art-metrics span {
    display: grid;
    gap: 2px;
    padding: 9px 10px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(23, 74, 166, 0.09);
    border-radius: 10px;
    color: #72819a;
    background: rgba(233, 241, 253, 0.72);
    font-size: 9px;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.publication-art-metrics b {
    color: var(--publication-navy);
    font-size: 16px;
}

.publication-art-lines {
    display: none;
}

.publication-art-chart {
    position: relative;
    height: 125px;
    gap: 11px;
    overflow: hidden;
    padding: 22px 22px 16px;
    border: 1px solid rgba(23, 74, 166, 0.08);
    border-radius: 14px;
    background-color: #f6f9ff;
}

.publication-art-chart span {
    z-index: 2;
    width: 28px;
    opacity: 0.92;
}

.publication-art-chart span:nth-child(1) { height: 34px; }
.publication-art-chart span:nth-child(2) { height: 58px; background: #4f7bd5; }
.publication-art-chart span:nth-child(3) { height: 76px; background: var(--publication-red); }
.publication-art-chart span:nth-child(4) { height: 94px; background: var(--publication-navy); }

.publication-art-chart svg {
    position: absolute;
    inset: 14px 18px 20px 145px;
    width: calc(100% - 165px);
    height: calc(100% - 34px);
    overflow: visible;
}

.publication-art-chart polyline {
    fill: none;
    stroke: #174aa6;
    stroke-width: 4;
    stroke-linecap: round;
    stroke-linejoin: round;
    vector-effect: non-scaling-stroke;
}

.publication-art-chart circle {
    fill: #ffffff;
    stroke: var(--publication-red);
    stroke-width: 3;
    vector-effect: non-scaling-stroke;
}

.publication-art-badge {
    right: -8px;
    bottom: 0;
    width: 76px;
    height: 76px;
    color: #ffffff;
    border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.28);
    background: linear-gradient(145deg, #174aa6, #071f4d);
    box-shadow: 0 22px 44px -24px rgba(0, 8, 32, 0.9), inset 0 1px 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
}

.publication-art-badge svg {
    width: 34px;
    height: 34px;
}

.publication-card {
    grid-template-columns: 66px minmax(0, 1fr);
    border: 1px solid rgba(23, 74, 166, 0.13);
    background: radial-gradient(circle at 0 0, rgba(61, 113, 205, 0.09), transparent 34%), linear-gradient(145deg, #ffffff, #f8fbff);
    box-shadow: 0 18px 44px -34px rgba(7, 31, 77, 0.62), inset 0 1px 0 #ffffff;
}

.publication-card h3 {
    grid-column: 2;
    margin-top: 2px;
}

.publication-card::before {
    height: 4px;
    background: linear-gradient(90deg, #174aa6, #5d8bdb);
    opacity: 1;
}

.publication-card:hover,
.publication-card:focus-visible {
    transform: translateY(-6px);
    border-color: rgba(23, 74, 166, 0.28);
    background: linear-gradient(145deg, #ffffff, #f3f7ff);
    box-shadow: 0 28px 56px -34px rgba(7, 31, 77, 0.65), inset 0 1px 0 #ffffff;
}

.publication-card-icon {
    border-color: rgba(23, 74, 166, 0.12);
    background: linear-gradient(145deg, #ffffff, #eaf2ff);
    box-shadow: 0 14px 30px -22px rgba(23, 74, 166, 0.72), inset 0 1px 0 #ffffff;
}

.publication-card-link {
    display: none;
}

@media (max-width: 720px) {
    .publications-hero-art {
        min-height: 350px;
    }

    .publication-art-panel--front {
        inset: 0 0 18px 24px;
        padding: 20px;
    }

    .publication-art-chart svg {
        display: none;
    }

    .publication-card {
        grid-template-columns: 58px minmax(0, 1fr);
    }
}